Technology advances with battery and solar-powered chargers have created reliable options. Solar and battery-powered chargers can provide sufficient output for livestock control. Plug-in chargers tend to be the most economical because there are no batteries to replace or recharge, and there are no solar panels to maintain. If there is access to a 110- or 220-volt service, plug-in chargers are probably the best choice. The three main types of low impedance chargers for electric fencing include: The first step in determining what type of charger will work is to decide which type to use. Because of the longer pulse rate, these chargers sometimes caused fires. In some cases, the pulse rate could be 0.5 seconds, compared to low impedance pulses, which often are only 0.0003 seconds. This made the pulse rate much longer than the pulse rate of the low impedance chargers. To overcome the problem of grounding out easily, manufacturers lengthened the pulse rate of these chargers. Once this happens, little to no shock value is left for keeping livestock within the fence boundaries. High impedance chargers are easily grounded out by vegetation, making them ineffective. They deliver a shock long in duration with a high voltage. These older chargers could potentially start a fire by burning through weeds. Old high impedance chargers, commonly known as “weed eaters” or “weed choppers,” may still be used but no longer marketed. An amp is the amount of electricity that flows through the wire this provides the jolt that deters predators and keeps livestock in the fenced-in area. They delivered a shock that was high voltage with low amperage. High impedance chargers are the typical fence chargers from years ago. The low impedance pulse is also extremely short compared to the long, slow pulse of the old high impedance chargers. They output a short-duration, high voltage DC current. Low impedance chargers can energize miles of single- or multiple-wire fences. They are much safer than their predecessors, the high impedance chargers that used an AC high voltage output. Low impedance chargers are the most common fence chargers manufactured today. The major component of an electric fence is the charger or energizer these two terms are used interchangeably throughout this document. These technological advances have allowed livestock producers to increase their grazing operations’ management potential by attributing flexibility to the rotation of grazing resources. In some cases, electric fencing may be a significant part of a livestock operation’s fencing plan.Įlectric fence technology has made notable advances in recent years. Choosing high-quality materials when building your fence will ensure that it will be effective and last for many years. The old saying, “a good fence makes for good neighbors,” is true. If properly constructed, a good fence should keep livestock contained and last 25 to 30 years without major repairs or total replacement. This bulletin covers the factors involved when selecting and installing an electric fence charger system to contain your livestock safely.
Kable Thurlow, Educator, Michigan State University Extension Thomas Guthrie, Statewide Educator, MSU Extension Timothy Harrigan, Associate Professor, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, MSU Introduction
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